The Correlation between Arm Muscle Strength and Orthodox Shot Put Proficiency: A Biomechanical Examination and Quantitative Assessment This study uses the methodology

Meli  Andika Putri

Authors

Meli Andika Putri SDN 28 Palembang Author

Keywords:

Arm Muscle Strength, Orthodox Shot Put, Correlation, Explosive Power, Kinetic Chain.

Abstract

This study seeks to evaluate the significance of the correlation, compute the correlation coefficient, and ascertain the extent of the contribution (coefficient of determination, R^2) of arm muscular strength to the performance in orthodox style shot put. Arm muscular strength (Variable X) is a critical determinant that serves as the ultimate actuator in the shot put propulsion phase descriptive correlational study employing a quantitative methodology. The research participants comprised 25 primary school pupils acquainted with the fundamental skills of traditional shot put. The independent variable (X) was assessed using the Bended Elbow Hanging Test (TKBJ), which evaluates the static/isometric strength of the arm muscles. In contrast, the dependent variable (Y) was the capability to execute the shot put in an orthodox manner, quantified by the maximal push distance. The data were examined via the Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Test. The hypothesis test results indicate a strong and statistically significant association between arm muscular strength and orthodox shot put performance, with a correlation value (r²) of 0.790. The significance value (p-value) is 0.000, well below α = 0.05, hence the Null Hypothesis (H_0) is rejected. The coefficient of determination (R^2) indicates that arm muscular strength accounts for 62.41% of the variance in the rejection outcomes. Despite its significance, biomechanical and literature analyses indicate that this contribution is limited, with reported effective contributions ranging from 30% to 48.73%, underscoring the crucial influence of additional factors, such as dynamic explosive power and the efficiency of energy transfer within the body's kinetic chain (leg and core strength). Training regimens should implement a comprehensive approach that equilibrates arm, leg, and core strength while emphasizing the cultivation of targeted explosive power.

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